Common Errors in Prayer That MUST Be Avoided

Reciting Surat al-Fatiha fast without pausing after each verse.

The Prophet (SAW) used to pause after each verse of this surah. (Abu Dawood)

Sticking the arms to the sides of the body, in rukoo' or sujood, and sticking the belly to the thighs in sujood.

The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: "Let not one of you support himself on his forearms (in sujood ) like the dog. Let him rest on his palms and keep his elbows away from his body." (Sahih Muslim)
The Messenger of Allah (SAW) used to keep his arms away from his body during rukoo' and sujood that the whiteness of his armpits could be seen (Sahih Muslim).

Gazing upward during prayer.

This may cause loss of concentration. We are commanded to lower our gaze, and look at the point at which the head rests during sujood. The Prophet (SAW) warned: "Let those who raise their gaze up during prayer stop doing so, or else their sights would not return to them. [i.e. lose their eyesight]." (Muslim)

Resting only the tip of the head on the floor during sujood.

The Prophet (SAW) said:  "I am commanded to prostrate on seven bones the forehead and the nose, the two hands [palms], the two knees, and the two feet." (Sahih Muslim)
Applying the above command necessitates resting the forehead and the nose on the ground during sujood.

Hasty performance of prayer which does not allow repose and calmness in rukoo' or sujood.

The Messenger of Allah (SAW) saw a man who did not complete his rukoo' [bowing], and made a very short sujood [prostration]; he (SAW) said:  "If this man dies while praying in this manner, he would die upholding a religion other than the religion of Muhammad."  Abu Hurairah (RA) said:  "My beloved friend, Muhammad (SAW) forbade me to perform postures of prayer copying the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast performance of prayer), moving eyes around like a fox and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." (Imam Ahmad & at-Tayalisi)
The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said:  "The worst thief is the one who steals from his own prayer."  People asked, 'Messenger of Allah! How could one steal from his own prayer?' He (SAW) said:  "By not completing its rukoo' and sujood." (At-Tabarani & al-Hakim).
To complete rukoo' is to stay in that posture long enough to recite 'subhana rabbiyal Adtheem' three times, SLOWLY, and 'subhana rabbiyal-a'ala' three times, SLOWLY, in sujood.  He (SAW) also announced:  "He who does not complete his rukoo' and sujood, his prayer is void." (Abu Dawood & others)

Counting tasbeeh with the left hand

The Prophet (SAW) used to count tasbeeh on the fingers of his right hand after salah. Abdullah bin Amr (RA) reported that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, "(There are) two good deeds, any Muslim who does them shall enter Jannah but few are those who do them: to say, 'subhanAllah' ten times, and 'alHamdulillah' ten times, and 'AllahuAkbar' ten times.  And I have seen the Messenger of Allah (SAW) counting them on his hand."  lbn Qudamah (RA) said:  "The Messenger of Allah (SAW) used his right hand for tasbeeh." (Abu Dawud)
The above hadeeth indicates clearly that the Prophet (SAW) used only one hand for counting tasbeeh.  No Muslim with sound mind would imagine that the Prophet (SAW) used his left hand for counting tasbeeh. Aa'ishah (RA) said that the Prophet (SAW) used his left hand only for Istinjaa', or cleaning himself after responding to the call of nature.  He never used it for tasbeeh.  Yasirah (RA) reported:  The Prophet (SAW) commanded women to count tasbeeh on their fingers.
The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said:  "They (the fingers) will be made to speak, and will be questioned (on the Day of Resurrection.)" (At-Tirmithi)
The above hadeeth indicates that it is preferable to count tasbeeh on the fingers of the right hand than to do so on masbahah (rosary).

Raising hands for dua' soon as prayer is over.

This was not the practice of the Messenger of Allah (SAW).  The Sunnah is to start with thikr soon after salah is over.  The best forms of du'a are those authentically related to the Prophet, (SAW).  For authentic du'as please visit Authentic Supplications of the Prophet (SAW).

Crossing in front of a praying person.

The Messenger of Allah (SAW) warned:  "Were the one who crosses in front of a praying person to know the consequences of doing so, he would have waited for forty better than to cross in front of him." (Sahih Bukhari and Muslim).
The forty in the tradition may be days months or even years. Allah knows best.